MRE11 (human, recombinant; aa 1-411)

Meiotic recombination 11 homolog (MRE11) is an endo- and exonuclease and member of the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex, which is involved in DNA double-strand break repair.¹ It exists as a homodimer and is composed of an N-terminal nuclease domain with five phosphodiesterase motifs, two dimerization motifs, and a Nijmegen breakage syndrome protein 1 (NBS1) interaction domain, a capping domain, and a C-terminal domain that contains two DNA-binding domains on either side of the RAD50 interaction domain.² Alternative splicing of MRE11 produces two main isoforms, MRE11 isoform 1, which is the full-length isoform, and MRE11 isoform 2, which lacks exon 16.³ MRE11 is expressed in proliferative tissues such as testis and spleen and localizes to the nucleus following DNA damage.^4,5 It is involved in homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and forms complexes with two dsDNA ends (synaptic complex) or a single ssDNA or dsDNA end (branched complex).² Knockdown of MRE11 sensitizes cells to radiation in vitro, an effect that can be rescued by expression of MRE11 isoform 1 or 2.³ Overexpression of MRE11 increases tumor volume in a breast cancer mouse xenograft model.⁶ Mutations in MRE11 are associated with ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder (ATLD) and cancer.^5,7 Cayman’s MRE11 (human, recombinant; aa 1-411) protein has a calculated molecular weight of 74.7 kDa.

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1. Shibata, A., Moiani, D., Arvai, A.S., et al. DNA double-strand break repair pathway choice is directed by distinct MRE11 nuclease activities. Mol. Cell 53(1), 7-18 (2014).

2. Rupnik, A., Lowndes, N.F., and Grenon, M. MRN and the race to the break. Chromosoma 119(2), 115-135 (2010).

3. Walker, A.K., Na, J., Browning, L., et al. MRE11A isoform expression associated with outcome following radiotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer does not alter cell survival and DNA double-strand break repair following ionising radiation. Bladder Cancer 5(2), 147-157 (2019).

4. Petrini, J.H., Walsh, M.E., DiMare, C., et al. Isolation and characterization of the human MRE11 homologue. Genomics 29(1), 80-86 (1995).

5. Stewart, G.S., Maser, R.S., Stankovic, T., et al. The DNA double-strand break repair gene hMRE11 is mutated in individuals with an ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder. Cell 99(6), 577-587 (1999).

6. Yuan, S.-S.F., Hou, M.-F., Hsieh, Y.-C., et al. Role of MRE11 in cell proliferation, tumor invasion, and DNA repair in breast cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 104(19), 1485-1502 (2012).

7. Fukuda, T., Sumiyoshi, T., Takahashi, M., et al. Alterations of the double-strand break repair gene MRE11 in cancer. Cancer Res. 61(1), 23-26 (2001).