Host: E. coli • AA: 405-500 • Tag: N-terminal GST
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SARS-CoV-2 nsp4 (recombinant)

Item No. 40880

Product Insert (PDF)
Technical Information
Synonyms
  • SARS-CoV-2 Non-structural Protein 4
  • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 nsp4
Purity
≥90%
Endotoxin Testing
<1.0 EU/µg determined by the LAL endotoxin assay
Source
Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 N-terminal GST-tagged nsp4 expressed in E. coli
Amino Acids
405-500
Formulation (Request formulation change)
50 mM Tris, pH 7.5, with 200 mM sodium chloride and 20% glycerol
UniProt Accession №
P0DTD1
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-80°C
Shipping
Dry ice in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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Certificates of Analysis & Batch Specific Data

Provide batch numbers separated by commas to download or request available product inserts, QC sheets, certificates of analysis, data packs, and GC-MS data.

    100 µg

    $601

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    500 µg

    $1,947

    Add
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    Product Description

    Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped positive-stranded RNA virus, a member of the Betacoronavirus genus, and the causative agent of COVID-19.1,2,3 The SARS-CoV-2 genome contains approximately 30 kilobases and 14 open reading frames (ORFs) that encode four structural proteins: spike, envelope, membrane, and nucleocapsid, as well as 16 non-structural proteins and nine accessory factors.4 SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 4 (nsp4) is encoded within ORF1ab and is involved in host cell membrane reorganization via the formation of endoplasmic reticulum-derived double-membrane vesicles (DMVs), which act as replication organelles.4,5 Ectopic expression of SARS-CoV-2 nsp4 induces the unfolded protein response (UPR), increases the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), and decreases the mitochondrial membrane potential in, as well as induces mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release from, host cells in vitro.6,7 A tyrosine-to-isoleucine mutation at position 492 in nsp4 (nsp4T492I) is present in several SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Delta and Omicron, increases viral infectivity and the cleavage efficiency of main protease (Mpro), also known as 3C-like protease (3CLpro), enhances evasion of the host immune response, and is associated with decreased disease severity.8

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Kandeel, M., Ibrahim, A., Fayez, M., et al. From SARS and MERS CoVs to SARS-CoV-2: Moving toward more biased codon usage in viral structural and nonstructural genes. J. Med. Virol. 92(6), 660-666 (2020).

    2. Lu, R., Zhao, X., Li, J., et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: Implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet 395(10224), 565-574 (2020).

    3. Meo, S.A., Alhowikan, A.M., Al-Khlaiwi, T., et al. Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: Prevalence, biological and clinical characteristics comparison with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci. 24(4), 2012-2019 (2020).

    4. Romano, M., Ruggiero, A., Squeglia, F., et al. A structural view of SARS-CoV-2 RNA replication machinery: RNA synthesis, proofreading and final capping. Cells 9(5), 1267 (2020).

    5. Zimmermann, L., Zhao, X., Makroczyova, J., et al. SARS-CoV-2 nsp3 and nsp4 are minimal constituents of a pore spanning replication organelle. Nat. Commun. 14(1), 7894 (2023).

    6. Davies, J.P., Sivadas, A., Keller, K.R., et al. Expression of SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural proteins 3 and 4 can tune the unfolded protein response in cell culture. J. Proteome Res. 23(1), 356-367 (2024).

    7. Faizan, M.I., Chaudhuri, R., Sagar, S., et al. NSP4 and ORF9b of SARS-CoV-2 induce pro-inflammatory mitochondrial DNA release in inner membrane-derived vesicles. Cells 11(19), 2969 (2022).

    8. Lin, X., Sha, Z., Trimpert, J., et al. The NSP4 T492I mutation increases SARS-CoV-2 infectivity by altering non-structural protein cleavage. Cell Host Microbe 31(7), 1170-1184 (2023).