Moracin M

Moracin M is a polyphenol that has been found in M. australis and has diverse biological activities.^1,2,3 It is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4D2 (PDE4D2) and PDE4B2 (IC₅₀s = 1.9 and 4.5 µM, respectively).² Moracin M induces cell death in P388 leukemia cells (IC₅₀ = 24.8 µM).¹ It inhibits IL-1β-induced increases in the levels of phosphorylated ERK and JNK in A549 lung cancer cells when used at concentrations of 30 or 50 µM.³ Moracin M (50 and 60 µM, respectively) inhibits LPS-induced increases in nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels in MH-S mouse alveolar macrophages. It also inhibits LPS-induced increases in the number of neutrophils, alveolar macrophages, and dendritic cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the thickness of alveolar walls, and the levels of NF-κB in the lungs in a rat model of acute lung injury when administered at a dose of 60 mg/kg.

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1. Ferlinahayati, Syah, Y.M., Juliawaty, L.D., et al. Phenolic constituents from the wood of Morus australis with cytotoxic activity. Z. Naturforsch. C. J. Biosci. 63(1-2), 35-39 (2008).

2. Chen, S.-K., Zhao, P., Shao, Y.-X., et al. Moracin M from Morus alba L. is a natural phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 22(9), 3261-3264 (2012).

3. Lee, J.H., Ko, H.J., Woo, E.-R., et al. Moracin M inhibits airway inflammation by interrupting the JNK/c-Jun and NF-κB pathways in vitro and in vivo. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 783, 64-72 (2016).