INF 4E

INF 4E is an inhibitor of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3 inflammasome).¹ It inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome by 51.8% when used at a concentration of 10 µM. INF 4E also inhibits caspase 1 (K_i = 10.6 µM). It is active against S. aureus, C. diphtheriae, K. pneumoniae, and E. coli, (MICs = 18, 18, 18, and 16 µg/ml, respectively) and the fungus C. albicans (MIC = 13 µg/ml).² INF 4E (10 µM) inhibits ATP-induced pyroptosis in THP-1 acute monocytic leukemia cells differentiated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; Item No. 10008014) and stimulated by LPS but does induce cytotoxicity in HK-2 kidney epithelial cells (IC₅₀ = 67 µM).¹ It inhibits increases in IL-1ß, IL-18, TNF-a, and gasdermin D (GSDMD) induced by amyloid-ß (1-42) (Aß42) in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells when used at a concentration of 10 µM.³

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1. Cocco, M., Garella, D., Di Stilo, A., et al. Electrophilic warhead-based design of compounds preventing NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis. J. Med. Chem. 57(24), 10366-10382 (2014).

2. Singh, S.A., and Bhat, S.V. Antimicrobial potential of 3-hydroxy-2-methylene-3-phenylpropionic acid derivatives. Acta Pharm. 61(4), 447-455 (2011).

3. Nopparat, C., Boontor, A., Kutpruek, S., et al. The role of melatonin in amyloid beta-induced inflammation mediated by inflammasome signaling in neuronal cell lines. Sci. Rep. 13(1), 17841 (2023).