ICAM-1/CD54 Extracellular Domain (human, recombinant)

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), also known as CD54, is a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the Ig superfamily.¹ It is composed of five extracellular Ig domains, which can vary in number through alternative splicing, a transmembrane domain, and a short C-terminal cytoplasmic domain.^2,3 ICAM-1 is basally expressed at low levels but cytokines, such as NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1α, increase ICAM-1 levels in endothelial, epithelial, and immune cells.⁴ It binds integrins, such as lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) and complement 3 receptor (C3R), and directs lymphocytes or other immune cells to locally inflamed areas, among other roles in forming epithelial and endothelial barriers, regulating cell migration, and immune signaling.^5,1,2 ICAM-1 can be cleaved from the cell membrane by cathepsin G or neutrophil elastase and promote or antagonize inflammation in a context-dependent manner and induce wound healing.^1,3 Blood levels of soluble ICAM-1 are increased in patients with cancer, and serum levels of soluble ICAM-1 are increased in patients with acute ischemic stroke.^6,7 Cayman's ICAM-1/CD54 Extracellular Domain (human, recombinant) protein consists of 459 amino acids and has a calculated molecular weight of 50.2 kDa. By SDS-PAGE, under reducing conditions, the apparent molecular mass of the protein is 71.3 kDa due to glycosylation.

WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

1. Bui, T.M., Wiesolek, H.L., and Sumagin, R. ICAM-1: A master regulator of cellular responses in inflammation, injury resolution, and tumorigenesis. J. Leukoc. Biol. 108(3), 787-799 (2020).

2. Yang, Y., Jun, C.-D., Liu, J.-H., et al. Structural basis for dimerization of ICAM-1 on the cell surface. Mol. Cell 14(2), 269-276 (2004).

3. Robledo, O., Papaioannou, A., Ochietti, B., et al. ICAM-1 isoforms: Specific activity and sensitivity to cleavage by leukocyte elastase and cathepsin G. Eur. J. Immunol. 33(5), 1351-1360 (2003).

4. Yamada, Y., Tashiro, E., Taketani, S., et al. Mycotrienin II, a translation inhibitor that prevents ICAM-1 expression induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 64(5), 361-366 (2011).

5. Yang, S.F., Chen, M.K., Hsieh, Y.S., et al. Prostaglandin E₂/EP₁ signaling pathway enhances intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) expression and cell motility in oral cancer cells. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 285(39), 29808-29816 (2010).

6. Banks, R.E., Gearing, A.J.H., Hemingway, I.K., et al. Circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in human malignancies. Br. J. Cancer 68(1), 122-124 (1993).

7. Shyu, K.G., Chang, H., and Lin, C.C. Serum levels of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin in patients with acute ischaemic stroke. J. Neurol. 244(2), 90-93 (1997).