SPG21 (human, recombinant)

Spastic paraplegia type 21 (SPG21), also known as maspardin, is a member of the α/β hydrolase fold protein superfamily.¹ It is ubiquitously expressed and localizes to the cytoplasm and endolysosomes.^1,2 SPG21 contains N- and C-terminal α-helices but lacks the catalytic triad typical of most α/β hydrolases, indicating it is enzymatically inactive.¹ Spg21 knockout induces progressive hind limb dysfunction and increased cortical neuron axonal branching in mice.³ Mutations in SPG21 are associated with mast syndrome, a complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia that presents with spastic paraparesis, dementia, and other CNS abnormalities.⁴ Cayman’s SPG21 (human, recombinant) protein consists of 533 amino acids and has a calculated molecular weight of 61 kDa.

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1. Kunselman, J.M., Williamson, C.D., Golding, A.E., et al. The hereditary spastic paraplegia type 21 (SPG21) protein is a RAB7A effector that promotes noncanonical mTORC1-catalyzed TFEB phosphorylation and cytoplasmic retention. Mol. Biol. Cell. 36(10), ar123 (2025).

2. Zhou, P., Yao, W., Liu, L., et al. SPG21, a potential oncogene targeted by miR-128-3p, amplifies HBx-induced carcinogenesis and chemoresistance via activation of TRPM7-mediated JNK pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell. Oncol. (Dordr) 47(5), 1757-1778 (2024).

3. Soderblom, C., Stadler, J., Jupille, H., et al. Targeted disruption of the Mast syndrome gene SPG21 in mice impairs hind limb function and alters axon branching in cultured cortical neurons. Neurogenetics 11(4), 369-378 (2010).

4. Simpson, M.A., Cross, H., Proukakis, C., et al. Maspardin is mutated in mast syndrome, a complicated form of hereditary spastic paraplegia associated with dementia. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 73(5), 1147-1156 (2003).