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Explore how neutrophils shape the immune response in health and disease. This poster highlights neutrophil pathogen defense mechanisms, including phagocytosis, degranulation, and NETosis, as well as neutrophil roles in inflammation and NET-associated pathologies.
DOWNLOAD NOWVadadustat-d5 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of vadadustat (Item No. 15295) by GC- or LC-MS. Vadadustat is an inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase 1 (HIF-PH1), HIF-PH2, and HIF-PH3 (Kis = 0.19, 0.26, and 0.56 nM, respectively).1 It stabilizes HIF-1α and HIF-2α in Hep3B cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Vadadustat selectively induces erythropoietin (EPO) over VEGF secretion in Hep3B cells. It increases red blood cell indices in a 5/6 nephrectomy-induced rat model of chronic kidney disease when administered at a dose of 90 mg/kg. Vadadustat (40 µM) inhibits proliferation in the mixed lymphocyte reaction in isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).2 Formulations containing vadadustat have been used in the treatment of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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1. Preclinical characterization of vadadustat (AKB-
2. Vadadustat, a HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, improves immunomodulatory properties of human mesenchymal stromal cells. Cells 9(11), 2396 (2020).