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Apostatin-1 is an inhibitor of the protein-protein interaction between TNFR1-associated DEATH domain protein (TRADD) and TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2).1 It selectively binds to the N-terminal of TRADD (Kd = 2.17 µM) over a panel of 97 kinases at 10 µM. Apostatin-1 inhibits bortezomib-induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells and RIPK1-mediated apoptosis in TNF-stimulated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs; IC50s = 0.97 and 1.28 µM, respectively) and induces autophagy in H4 cells. It inhibits RIPK1-mediated apoptosis, induces autophagy, and reduces tau levels and neurofibrillary tangle-like pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease and tauopathy.
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1. Modulating TRADD to restore cellular homeostasis and inhibit apoptosis. Nature 587(7832), 133-138 (2020).