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Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and isopentyl pyrophosphate undergo condensation to yield geranyl pyrophosphate, which undergoes condensation with a second molecule of isopentyl pyrophosphate to yield farnesyl pyrophosphate.1,2 Farnesylation is essential for the function of a number of proteins involved in signal transduction.3,4
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1. Human liver prenyltransferase and its characterization. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 661, 87-99 (1981).
2. Prenyltransferase: Determination of the binding mechanism and individual kinetic constants for farnesylpyrophosphate synthetase by rapid quench and isotope partitioning experiments. Biochemistry 20, 1893-1901 (1981).
3. Stereochemistry-
4. Chemical biology of protein isoprenylation/methylation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1300, 5-16 (1996).