Cetaben

The fibrate class of hypolipidemic drugs such as clofibrate and fenofibrate elicit their effects by binding to and activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). Cetaben is a unique, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα)-independent peroxisome proliferator with hypolipidemic activity, characterized by reduction in serum triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations in rats.¹ In male wistar rats, cetaben increased the activity of all peroxisomal enzymes examined in liver and kidney, whereas clofibrate showed a varied regulatory pattern.² In addition to its effects on peroxisomes, cetaben inhibits cholesterol synthesis in the human hepatoma HepG2 cells resulting in reversible changes in Golgi morphology.^3,4 It also blocked triglyceride synthesis by 99% and reduced cholesterol ester synthesis by >70% at a concentration of 50 µM in these same cells.⁴

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1. Chandoga, J., Hampl, L., Turecky, L., et al. Cetaben is an exceptional type of peroxisome proliferator. Int. J. Biochem. 26(5), 679-696 (1994).

2. Chandoga, J., Rojeková, I., Hampl, L., et al. Cetaben and fibrates both influence the activities of peroxisomal enzymes in different ways. Biochem. Pharmacol. 47(3), 515-519 (1994).

3. Kovacs, W., Walter, I., and Stangl, H. Cetaben-induced changes on the morphology and peroxisomal enzymes in MH1C1 rat hepatoma and HepG2 human hepatoblastoma cells. Histochem. Cell Biol. 115(6), 509-519 (2001).

4. Kovacs, W., Schrader, M., Walter, I., et al. The hypolipidemic compound cetaben induces changes in Golgi morphology and vesicle movement. Histochem. Cell Biol. 122(2), 95-109 (2004).