EP₂ Receptor Polyclonal Antibody

The biological effects of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) are mediated through interaction with four distinct membrane-bound G-protein coupled EP receptors: EP₁, EP₂, EP₃, and EP₄.^1,2 Binding of PGE₂ to the EP₂ receptor results in an increase in adenylate cyclase activity with a subsequent increase in cAMP.^3,4 Pharmacologicially, EP₂ receptors mediate relaxation of smooth muscle and are distinguished from EP₄ receptors by their sensitivity to the EP₂ receptor selective agonist butaprost.^1,2,3 The human EP₂ receptor is comprised of 358 amino acids with a molecular mass of approximately 40,000.³ EP₂ is detected on immunoblot at 65 or 52 kDa depending on the degree of post-translational modifications of that receptor. mRNA for the EP₂ receptor is expressed in a variety of tissues including lung, placenta, spleen, intestine, kidney, and sensory neuron.^3,4,5

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1. Coleman, R.A., Smith, W.L., and Narumiya, S. International Union of Pharmacology classification of prostanoid receptors: Properties, distribution, and structure of the receptors and their subtypes. Pharmacol. Rev. 46(2), 205-229 (1994).

2. Coleman, R.A., Dahlén, S.E., Drazen, J.M., et al. Classification of leukotriene receptors IUPHAR receptor compendium. IUPHAR Compendium 1-7 (1997).

3. Regan, J.W., Bailey, T.J., Pepperl, D.J., et al. Cloning of a novel human prostaglandin receptor with characteristics of the pharmacologically defined EP₂ subtype. Mol. Pharmacol. 46(2), 213-220 (1994).

4. Nemoto, K., Pilbeam, C.C., Bilak, S.R., et al. Molecular cloning and expression of a rat prostaglandin E₂ receptor of the EP₂ subtype. Prostaglandins 54(4), 713-725 (1997).

5. Southall, M.D., and Vasko, M.R. Prostaglandin receptor subtypes, EP3C and EP₄, mediate the prostaglandin E₂-induced cAMP production and sensitization of sensory neurons. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 276(19), 16083-16091 (2001).

Lejeune, M., Moreau, F., and Chadee, K. Loss of EP₂ receptor subtype in colonic cells compromise epithelial barrier integrity by altering claudin-4. PLoS One 9(11), e113270 (2014).

Roca-Ferrer, J., Garcia-Garcia, F.J., Pereda, J., et al. Reduced expression of COXs and production of prostaglandin E₂ in patients with nasal polyps with or without aspirin-intolerant asthma. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 128, 66-72 (2011).

George, R.J., Sturmoski, M.A., Anant, S., et al. EP₄ mediates PGE₂ dependent cell survival through the PI3 kinase/AKT pathway. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 83(1-2), 112-120 (2007).