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Explore additional resources to study natural toxins, pollutants including PFAS and 6-PPD-Q, and their biological effects.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY TOOLS & SERVICESOchratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin that has been found in Penicillium and is an active metabolite of OTC (Item No. 20183).1,2,3 It is formed from OTC in vivo, however, OTC can also be formed from OTA by gut microbiota.1,4 OTA (120 μg/kg) increases renal lipid peroxide levels and the number of apoptotic cells, as well as reduces renal superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in rats.2 Topical application of OTA (80 μg/animal) induces DNA damage, cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, and apoptosis in mouse skin cells.3 It also initiates tumor formation in a two-stage mouse skin tumorigenesis model. OTA has been found in food products and poultry feed.5,6
WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.
1. Conversion of ochratoxin C into ochratoxin A in vivo. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 48(1), 41-42 (1984).
2. Apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by ochratoxin A in rat kidney. Arch. Toxicol. 77(12), 685-693 (2003).
3. Topical application of ochratoxin A causes DNA damage and tumor initiation in mouse skin. PLoS One 7(10), (2012).
4. In vitro transformation of ochratoxin A by animal microbioal floras. Ann. Rech. Vet. 7(1), 91-98 (1976).
5. Detection and quantitation of mycotoxins in infant cereals in the U.S. market by LC-
6. Fungal and bacterial metabolites in commercial poultry feed from Nigeria. Food Addit. Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Control Expo. Risk Assess. 29(8), 1288-1299 (2012).