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24-dehydro Cholesterol is an immediate precursor to cholesterol in the Bloch pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis. Structurally, it varies from cholesterol only by a single double bond at carbon 24 and has been used as cholesterol substitute in cellular membrane studies.1 During brain development, 24-dehydro cholesterol transiently accumulates, composing up to 30% of total brain sterol, where it is poised to rapidly enrich membrane sterols.2 However, defects in cholesterol synthesis can lead to a condition called, desmosterolosis, which results in an accumulation of excess 24-dehydro cholesterol.3 24-dehydro Cholesterol has been reported to activate liver X receptor-
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1. Desmosterol may replace cholesterol in lipid membranes. Biophys. J. 88(3), 1838-1844 (2005).
2. What dictates the accumulation of desmosterol in the developing brain? FASEB J. 27(3), 865-870 (2013).
3. Disorders of cholesterol biosynthesis. Arch. Dis. Child. 78(2), 185-189 (1998).
4. Studies on the cholesterol-
5. Regulated accumulation of desmosterol integrates macrophage lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses. Cell 151(1), 138-152 (2012).