An adrenoceptor agonist
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(–)-Norepinephrine (bitartrate hydrate)

Item No. 16673

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Formal Name
4-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]-1,2-benzenediol (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate, monohydrate
CAS Number
108341-18-0
Synonyms
  • Arterenol
  • Levarterenol
  • NE
  • L-Noradrenaline
Molecular Formula
C8H11NO3 • C4H6O6 • H2O
Formula Weight
337.3
Purity
≥95%
Formulation
A crystalline solid
Solubility(Learn about Variance in Solubility)
DMF: 10 mg/mlDMSO: 25 mg/mlPBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/ml
λmax
224, 283 nm
SMILES
OC1=C(O)C=CC([C@@H](O)CN)=C1.OC([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O)=O.O
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C8H11NO3.C4H6O6.H2O/c9-4-8(12)5-1-2-6(10)7(11)3-5;5-1(3(7)8)2(6)4(9)10;/h1-3,8,10-12H,4,9H2;1-2,5-6H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10);1H2/t8-;1-,2-;/m01./s1
InChi Key
LNBCGLZYLJMGKP-LUDZCAPTSA-N
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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Certificates of Analysis & Batch Specific Data

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    100 mg

    $37

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    250 mg

    $65

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    500 mg

    $99

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    1 g

    $145

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    Product Description

    (–)-Norepinephrine is the endogenous isomer of (±)-norepinephrine (Item No. 35580) that acts as a neurotransmitter and hormone and is biosynthesized from dopamine by dopamine β-hydroxylase.1,2,3 It is an agonist of adrenergic receptors (Ki values are 330, 56, and 740 nM for α1, α2, and β1 adrenoceptors, respectively).2 Through these receptors, (–)-norepinephrine regulates diverse processes, including those in neurological, immunological, and vascular systems.2,4,5,6 Formulations containing (–)-norepinephrine have been used for the restoration of blood pressure in acute hypotensive states.

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Gannon, M., Che, P., Chen, Y., et al. Noradrenergic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease. Front. Neurosci. 9, 220 (2015).

    2. Ramos, B.P., and Arnsten, A.F.T. Adrenergic pharmacology and cognition: Focus on the prefrontal cortex. Pharmacol. Ther. 113(3), 523-536 (2007).

    3. von Euler, U.S. The nature of adrenergic nerve mediators. Pharmacol. Rev. 3(3), 247-277 (1951).

    4. Lorton, D., and Bellinger, D.L. Molecular mechanisms underlying β-adrenergic receptor-mediated cross-talk between sympathetic neurons and immune cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 16(3), 5635-5665 (2015).

    5. Nance, D.M., and Sanders, V.M. Autonomic innervation and regulation of the immune system (1987-2007). Brain Behav. Immun. 21(6), 736-745 (2007).

    6. Raiteri, M. Functional pharmacology in human brain. Pharmacol. Rev. 58(2), 162-193 (2006).

    Product Citations

    Lewis, V., Bonniwell, E.M., Lanham, J.K., et al. A non-hallucinogenic LSD analog with therapeutic potential for mood disorders. Cell Rep. 42(3), 112203 (2023).