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Vinpocetine is a semisynthetic alkaloid commonly used as an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 1 (PDE1), blocking the hydrolysis of both cAMP and cGMP (Ki = 14 µM).1,2 In addition to its use as a selective PDE1 inhibitor in basic research, vinpocetine has diverse cerebral and neurological effects in vivo.2 Vinpocetine also directly inhibits the kinase activity of IKKβ (IC50 = 17 µM in a cell-free system) and blocks TNF-α- and LPS-mediated activation of NF-κB in cells and in vivo.3
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1. The next generation of phosphodiesterase inhibitors: Structural clues to ligand and substrate selectivity of phosphodiesterases. J. Med. Chem. 48(10), 3449-3462 (2005).
2. Therapeutic utility of phosphodiesterase type I inhibitors in neurological conditions. Front. Neurosci. 5(21), (2011).
3. Vinpocetine inhibits NF-