Amorfrutin A

Amorfrutin A is an isoprenoid-substituted benzoic acid natural product found in the fruit of A. fruticosa and G. foetida that exhibits antidiabetic effects. It binds to PPARγ with a K_i of 0.236 µM and activates a PPARγ gene reporter assay with an EC₅₀ value of 0.458 µM.¹ In high-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, amorfrutin A (100 mg/kg/day) enhanced glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, while decreasing plasma triglycerides, free fatty acids, insulin, and glucose concentrations.¹ Amorfrutin A inhibits TNF-α-induced expression of a number of inflammatory genes such as COX-2, IL-1β, MCP-1, MIP-2, MIP-3α, MMP-9, and IL-8 through inhibition of both NF-κB and PPARγ activity with efficacy at 5-20 µM.^2,3

WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

1. Weidner, C., de Groot, J.C., Prasad, A., et al. Amorfrutins are potent antidiabetic dietary natural products. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109(19), 7257-7262 (2012).

2. Shi, H., Ma, J., Mi, C., et al. Amorfrutin A inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation and NF-κB-regulated target gene products. Int. Immunopharmacol. 21(1), 56-62 (2014).

3. Fuhr, L., Rousseau, M., Plauth, A., et al. Amorfrutins are natural PPARg agonists with potent anti-inflammatory properties. J. Nat. Prod. 78(5), 1160-1164 (2015).