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Explore how neutrophils shape the immune response in health and disease. This poster highlights neutrophil pathogen defense mechanisms, including phagocytosis, degranulation, and NETosis, as well as neutrophil roles in inflammation and NET-associated pathologies.
DOWNLOAD NOWVimentin is a cytoskeleton intermediate filament protein present in cells of mesenchymal origin, including leukocytes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells.1 It is subject to citrullination by peptidyl arginine deiminase 2 (PAD2; Item No. 10785) under high calcium concentrations, which can occur during macrophage apoptosis.2 Citrullinated vimentin has been shown to have a role in the production of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs).2,3,4 ACPAs against citrullinated proteins, such as vimentin, are considered to be highly specific markers for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases.3,4
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1. Introducing intermediate filaments: From discovery to disease. J. Clin. Invest. 119(7), 1763-1771 (2009).
2. Selective deimination of vimentin in calcium ionophore-
3. Clinical evaluation of anti-
4. Mutation and citrullination modifies vimentin to a novel autoantigen for rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 56(8), 2503-2511 (2007).
Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells target citrullinated antigens in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat. Commun. 14(1), 319 (2023).