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5-hydroxy Indole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) is a metabolite of the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT; Item No. 14332).1 It is formed from serotonin via a 5-hydroxy indole-3-acetaldehyde intermediate by aldehyde dehydrogenase. 5-HIAA has been used as a biomarker for the detection of neuroendocrine tumors. Brain levels of 5-HIAA are decreased in patients with severe Alzheimer’s disease.2
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1. Urinary sampling for 5HIAA and metanephrines determination: Revisiting the recommendations. Endocr. Connect. 6(6), R87-R98 (2017).
2. Monoaminergic neurotransmitter alterations in postmortem brain regions of depressed and aggressive patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Neurobiol. Aging 35(12), 2691-2700 (2014).