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Tazarotene is a retinoid prodrug of tazarotenic acid (Item No. 21367).1 It is metabolized by esterases in vivo to its active free acid form. Tazarotene (1 μM) inhibits proliferation of and collagen synthesis by human dermal fibroblasts in vitro.2 It also downregulates markers of keratinocyte differentiation, keratinocyte proliferation, and inflammation and upregulates tazarotene-induced gene 1 (TIG1) and TIG2 in patient-derived psoriatic lesion samples following topical administration.3 Tazarotene (0.1% per day, topical) induces complete reduction in skin utricle diameter in the Rhino mouse, which is a model used to test retinoid activity because its skin contains keratinized pilosebaceous structures.4 It also decreases basal cell carcinoma number and size in a Ptch1+/- mouse model of ultraviolet- or ionizing radiation-induced skin cancer when administered topically at a dose of 0.1% per day.5 Formulations containing tazarotene have been used in the treatment of psoriasis, acne, and sun-damaged skin.
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1. Tazarotene-
2. Effect of tazarotene, an acetylenic retinoid, on human dermal fibroblast. Jpn. J. Pharmacol. 76(3), 317-319 (1998).
3. Molecular mechanisms of tazarotene action in psoriasis. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 37(2 Pt 3), S18-S24 (1997).
4. Effects of topically applied acitretin in reconstructed human epidermis and the rhino mouse. J. Invest. Dermatol. 128(1), 125-130 (2008).
5. Topical tazarotene chemoprevention reduces basal cell carcinoma number and size in Ptch1+/-