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Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is a secondary messenger that induces calcium mobilization.1,2 It induces calcium release from endosomes and lysosomes via two-pore channel 2 (TPC2) and TPC1, which then stimulates large-scale calcium release from granules and the endoplasmic reticulum mediated by type 1 ryanodine receptors (RyR2s), RyR3s, and inositol-(1,4,5)-triphosphate receptors (IP3Rs).1,3 NAADP induces calcium mobilization in sea urchin and starfish eggs post fertilization to block polyspermy and activate embryogenesis.3 NAADP-induced calcium mobilization induces VEGF-mediated angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). It also alkalizes lysosomal pH thereby inhibiting fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes and arresting autophagic flux in mouse embryonic stem cells.4
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1. Both RyRs and TPCs are required for NAADP-
2. Mechanisms of calcium signaling by cyclic ADP-
3. Calcium signals regulated by NAADP and two-
4. NAADP/TPC2/Ca2+ Signaling Inhibits Autophagy. Commun. Integr. Biol. 6(6), e27595 (2013).