Rubimaillin

Rubimaillin is a naphthohydroquinone that has been found in R. cordifolia with diverse biological activities.^1,2,3,4 It inhibits the growth of E. coli and S. aureus in a disc assay when used at a concentration of 100 μg per disc.¹ Rubimaillin scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; Item No. 14805) free radicals in a cell-free assay (IC₅₀ = 0.7 μM). It inhibits acetyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) and ACAT2 (IC₅₀s = 80 and 22 μM, respectively) and cholesterol ester synthesis (IC₅₀ = 18 μM) in murine macrophages.² Rubimaillin increases osteoblastic differentiation of C2C12 mesenchymal progenitor cells induced by bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) and enhances skeletal development in zebrafish larvae.³ It inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB reporter gene expression and nuclear translocation of p65 and potentiates TNF-α-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells.⁴ Rubimaillin (25 and 75 mg/kg) reduces tumor growth in a HeLa mouse xenograft model.

WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

1. Idhayadhulla, A., Xia, L., Lee, Y.R., et al. Synthesis of novel and diverse mollugin analogues and their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Bioorg. Chem. 52, 77-82 (2014).

2. Matsuda, D., Ohshiro, T., Ohba, M., et al. The molecular target of rubimaillin in the inhibition of lipid droplet accumulation in macrophages. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 32(8), 1317-1320 (2009).

3. Moon, S.-H., Kim, I., and Kim, S.H. Mollugin enhances the osteogenic action of BMP-2 via the p38-Smad signaling pathway. Arch. Pharm. Res. 40(11), 1328-1335 (2017).

4. Wang, Z., Li, M.Y., Mi, C., et al. Mollugin has an anti-cancer therapeutic effect by inhibiting TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 18(8), 1619 (2017).