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Explore how neutrophils shape the immune response in health and disease. This poster highlights neutrophil pathogen defense mechanisms, including phagocytosis, degranulation, and NETosis, as well as neutrophil roles in inflammation and NET-associated pathologies.
DOWNLOAD NOWGinsenoside Rc is a saponin that has been found in P. ginseng and has diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and nootropic properties.1,2,3 It prevents UVB-induced increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HaCaT keratinocytes by 34.3, 54.4, and 65.4% when used at concentrations of 5, 12, and 30 µM, respectively.1 Ginsenoside Rc (40 µg/ml) reduces increases in the expression of Tnf, Il1b, and Ifnb1 induced by LPS in RAW 264.7 cells.2 It reduces gastric ulcer and joint lesion indices in mouse models of HCl/ethanol-induced gastritis and collagen-induced arthritis, respectively, as well as reduces increased serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) induced by LPS/D-galactosamine in a mouse model of hepatitis, when administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Ginsenoside Rc increases GABA-induced inward current in Xenopus oocytes expressing recombinant human α1β1ɣ2S subunit-containing GABAA receptors with an EC50 value of 53.2 µM.3
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1. Ginsenoside Rc protects against UVB‑induced photooxidative damage in epidermal keratinocytes. Mol. Med. Rep. 16(3), 2907-2914 (2017).
2. Ginsenoside Rc from Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) attenuates inflammatory symptoms of gastritis, hepatitis and arthritis. Am. J. Chin. Med. 44(3), 595-615 (2016).
3. Effects of ginsenosides on GABAA receptor channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Arch. Pharm. Res. 26(1), 28-33 (2003).