Dopamine Transporter (Phospho-Thr⁵³) Polyclonal Antibody

The dopamine transporter (DAT) is a member of the SLC6 family of transporters and is encoded by the SLC6A3 gene in humans.^1,2 DAT is expressed in dopaminergic neurons and localizes to perisynaptic sites, where it functions to translocate the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA; Item No. 21992) into presynaptic neurons from the extracellular space.^3,1 It is comprised of 12 transmembrane helices flanked by large cytoplasmic N- and C-terminal tails that are subject to protein-protein interactions with DAT binding proteins as well as posttranslational modifications.^1,3 DAT can be phosphorylated by ERK at threonine 53 (Thr⁵³) in vitro.⁴ Phosphorylation of DAT at Thr⁵³ (phospho-Thr⁵³) is increased in rat striatal synaptosomes in response to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; Item No. 10008014), okadaic acid (Item No. 10011490), amphetamine, or methamphetamine.^4,5 In vivo, phospho-Thr⁵³ in rat striatum is increased following administration of methamphetamine.⁵ LLC-PK1 cells expressing rat DAT (rDAT) with non-phosphorylatable or phosphomimetic Thr⁵³ mutations exhibit defects in DA uptake and amphetamine-induced efflux of the substrate [³H]MPP⁺ compared to cells expressing wild-type rDAT, indicating that phosphorylation of Thr⁵³ has roles in regulating the uptake and efflux functions of DAT.⁴ Cayman's Dopamine Transporter (Phospho-Thr⁵³) Polyclonal Antibody can be used for Western blot (WB) applications. The antibody recognizes DAT (phospho-Thr⁵³) at approximately 55 kDa from mouse and rat samples.

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1. Vaughan, R.A., and Foster, J.D. Mechanisms of dopamine transporter regulation in normal and disease states. Trends Pharamacol. Sci. 34(9), 489-496 (2013).

2. Michelhaugh, S.K., Fiskerstrand, C., Lovejoy, E., et al. The dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3) variable number of tandem repeats domain enhances transcription in dopamine neurons. J. Neurochem. 79(5), 1033-1038 (2001).

3. Torres, G.E. The dopamine transporter proteome. J. Neurochem. 97(Suppl. 1), 3-10 (2006).

4. Foster, J.D., Yang, J.-W., Moritz, A.E., et al. Dopamine transporter phosphorylation site threonine 53 regulates substrate reuptake and amphetamine-stimulated efflux. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 287(35), 29702-29712 (2012).

5. Challasivakanaka, S., Zhen, J., Smith, M.E., et al. Dopamine transporter phosphorylation site threonine 53 is stimulated by amphetamines and regulates dopamine transport, efflux, and cocaine analog binding. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 292(46), 19066-19075 (2017).