Eurycomanone

Eurycomanone is a quassinoid originally isolated from E. longifolia that has diverse biological activities.¹ It is active against the W2 and D6 clones of P. falciparum (IC₅₀s = 0.015 and 0.026 µg/ml, respectively).² Eurycomanone induces lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes with an EC₅₀ value of 14.6 µM, an effect that can be blocked by the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89 (Item No. 10010556).³ It induces cell cycle arrest at the G₂/M phase and apoptosis in HepG2 cells when used at a concentration of 5 µg/ml.⁴ It reduces estrogen release and increases testosterone release in isolated rat Leydig cell-rich testicular interstitial cell preparations when used at concentrations of 1 and 10 µM.⁵ Eurycomanone (1 mg/kg, i.p.) decreases gastric acid secretion and lesion size in rat models of indomethacin-, water immersion stress-, or pyloric ligation-induced ulcer formation.⁶

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1. Darise, M., Kohda, H., Mizutani, K., et al. Eurycomanone and eurycomanol, quassinoids from the roots of Eurycoma longifolia. Phytochemistry 21(8), 2091-2093 (1982).

2. Kuo, P.-C., Damu, A.G., Lee, K.-H., et al. Cytotoxic and antimalarial constituents from the roots of Eurycoma longifolia. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 12(3), 537-544 (2004).

3. Lahrita, L., Hirosawa, R., Kato, E., et al. Isolation and lipolytic activity of eurycomanone and its epoxy derivative from Eurycoma longifolia. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 25(17), 4829-4834 (2017).

4. Zakaria, Y., Rahmat, A., Pihie, A.H.L., et al. Eurycomanone induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via up-regulation of p53. Cancer Cell Int. 9, (2009).

5. Low, B.-S., Choi, S.-B., Wahab, H.A., et al. Eurycomanone, the major quassinoid in Eurycoma longifolia root extract increases spermatogenesis by inhibiting the activity of phosphodiesterase and aromatase in steroidogenesis. J. Ethnopharmacol. 149(1), 201-207 (2013).

6. Tada, H., Yasuda, F., Otani, K., et al. New antiulcer quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 26(3), 345-349 (1991).