An endogenous peptide and agonist of GAL2 and GAL3
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Spexin 1 (human, mouse, rat, bovine) (acetate)

Item No. 36866

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Formal Name
L-asparaginyl-L-tryptophyl-L-threonyl-L-prolyl-L-glutaminyl-L-alanyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-tyrosyl-L-leucyl-L-lysylglycyl-L-alanyl-L-glutamamide, acetate
Synonyms
  • Neuropeptide Q
  • NPQ
  • NWTPQAMLYLKGAQ-NH2
  • SPX1
Molecular Formula
C74H114N20O19S • XC2H4O2
Formula Weight
1619.9
Purity
≥98%
Formulation (Request formulation change)
A solid
Solubility(Learn about Variance in Solubility)
Water: soluble
SMILES
CC(O)=O.O=C(N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@@H](CCSC)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(NCC(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@H](C(N)=O)CCC(N)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)C)NC([C@@H](NC([C@@H](N)CC(N)=O)=O)CC3=CNC4=CC=CC=C34)=O
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C74H114N20O19S.C2H4O2/c1-37(2)30-52(69(108)87-49(16-11-12-27-75)66(105)82-36-60(100)83-39(5)63(102)85-48(62(80)101)22-24-57(77)97)91-71(110)54(32-42-18-20-44(96)21-19-42)92-70(109)53(31-38(3)4)90-68(107)51(26-29-114-8)86-64(103)40(6)84-67(106)50(23-25-58(78)98)88-73(112)56-17-13-28-94(56)74(113)61(41(7)95)93-72(111)55(89-65(104)46(76)34-59(79)99)33-43-35-81-47-15-10-9-14-45(43)47;1-2(3)4/h9-10,14-15,18-21,35,37-41,46,48-56,61,81,95-96H,11-13,16-17,22-34,36,75-76H2,1-8H3,(H2,77,97)(H2,78,98)(H2,79,99)(H2,80,101)(H,82,105)(H,83,100)(H,84,106)(H,85,102)(H,86,103)(H,87,108)(H,88,112)(H,89,104)(H,90,107)(H,91,110)(H,92,109)(H,93,111);1H3,(H,3,4)/t39-,40-,41+,46-,48-,49-,50-,51-,52-,53-,54-,55-,56-,61-;/m0./s1
InChi Key
GBYUSTFYYSOFOQ-OKXMVFADSA-N
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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    OBESITY RESEARCH SOLUTIONS
    Product Description

    Spexin 1 is an endogenous peptide and agonist of galanin-2 receptor (GAL2) and GAL3.1 It selectively activates GAL2 and GAL3 over GAL1 in HEK293 cells expressing the human receptors and Gαqi (EC50s = 0.161, 0.626, and >10 µM, respectively, in reporter assays). Spexin 1 (50 µg/kg) decreases body weight, fat mass, serum triglyceride levels, and blood glucose and insulin levels in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis.2 Intracerebroventricular administration of spexin 1 (30 nmol/animal) decreases heart rate and urine flow rate, increases mean arterial pressure (MAP) and urinary sodium excretion, and has antinociceptive activity in the warm water tail withdrawal test in rats.3

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Kim, D.-K., Yun, S., Son, G.H., et al. Coevolution of the spexin/galanin/kisspeptin family: Spexin activates galanin receptor type II and III. Endocrinology 155(5), 1864-1873 (2014).

    2. Wang, M., Zhu, Z., Kan, Y., et al. Treatment with spexin mitigates diet-induced hepatic steatosis in vivo and in vitro through activation of galanin receptor 2. Mol. Cell Endocrinol. 552, 111688 (2022).

    3. Toll, L., Khroyan, T.V., Sonmez, K., et al. Peptides derived from the prohormone proNPQ/spexin are potent central modulators of cardiovascular and renal function and nociception. FASEB J. 26(2), 947-954 (2011).