Asialoglycoprotein Receptor 1 Extracellular Domain (human, recombinant)

Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 is a calcium-dependent C-type lectin receptor.¹ It is composed of a carbohydrate recognition domain, which primarily recognizes galactosides such as D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc), stalk region, transmembrane domain, and cytoplasmic domain. Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 is expressed in hepatocytes and alternative splicing produces both long and short isoforms.² The long isoform localizes to the cell membrane, while the short isoform exists as a soluble form that is both secreted and found in the cytoplasm. The asialoglycoprotein receptor is a trimer that is commonly formed by two H1 subunits and one H2 subunit.¹ It is involved in the clearance of desialylated serum glycoproteins and hepatotropic virus entry via endocytosis. Ectopic expression of the gene encoding asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGR1) increases binding of hepatitis E virus to cells in vitro.³ Knockdown of ASGR1 increases survival and decreases liver injury and plasma TNF-α and IL-1β levels in a mouse model of sepsis.⁴ Decreased protein levels of asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 negatively correlate with hepatocellular carcinoma tumor grade.⁵ The asialoglycoprotein receptor has been used as a target of galactosylated drug conjugates and various lipid-based drug delivery (LBDD) platforms, including lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), liposomes, and micelles, for therapeutic and imaging applications.¹ Cayman's Asialoglycoprotein Receptor 1 Extracellular Domain (human, recombinant) protein consists of 246 amino acids and a calculated molecular weight of 28.8 kDa. By SDS-PAGE, under reducing conditions, the apparent molecular mass of the protein is approximately 37 kDa due to glycosylation.

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1. Das, S., Kudale, P., Dandekar, P., et al. Asialoglycoprotein receptor and targeting strategies. Targeted intracellular drug delivery by receptor mediated endocytosis 39, 353-382 (2019).

2. Liu, J., Hu, B., Yang, Y., et al. A new splice variant of the major subunit of human asialoglycoprotein receptor encodes a secreted form in hepatocytes. PLoS One 5(9), e12934 (2010).

3. Zhang, L., Tian, Y., Wen, Z., et al. Asialoglycoprotein receptor facilitates infection of PLC/PRF/5 cells by HEV through interaction with ORF2. J. Med. Virol. 88(12), 2186-2195 (2016).

4. Shi, R., Wang, J., Zhang, Z., et al. ASGR1 promotes liver injury in sepsis by modulating monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation via NF-κB/ATF5 pathway. Life Sci. 315, 121339 (2023).

5. Shi, B., Abrams, M., and Sepp-Lorenzino, L. Expression of asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 61(12), 901-909 (2013).