Hyperoxidized Peroxiredoxin-3 Polyclonal Antibody

Peroxiredoxin-3 (Prx3) is a typical 2-Cys-containing Prx that is involved in the maintenance of cellular thiol redox homeostasis.¹ It exists as a homodimer when oxidized and is composed of an N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence and a catalytic domain that contains peroxidatic and resolving cysteines (Cp and Cr, respectively).^1,2 Reduced Prx3 exists as a monomer and hyperoxidized Prx3 is capable of forming dodecamers.² Prx3 is ubiquitously expressed and localizes to the mitochondrial matrix.^1,3 During the catalytic cycle, hydrogen peroxide oxidizes Cp to form a sulfenic acid intermediate (C-SOH), which reacts with the Cr of the opposite subunit to form a disulfide bond that is subsequently restored to a reduced state by thioredoxin 2 (Trx2).^1,4 In the presence of high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, Cp is oxidized to sulfinic acid (C-SO₂H), which can be reduced by sulfiredoxin (Srx), or the irreversible sulfonic acid (C-SO₃H) species.¹ Knockout of the gene encoding thioredoxin reductase 2 (TrxR2) increases the levels of SO₃-Prx3 in isolated mouse embryonic endothelial progenitor cells.⁴ Hyperoxidized Prx3 (SO_2/3-Prx3) is also increased during ferroptosis induced by erastin or RSL3 in vitro.⁵ Liver levels of SO_2/3-Prx3 are increased in mouse models of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Cayman’s Hyperoxidized Peroxiredoxin-3 Polyclonal Antibody can be used for ELISA, immunofluorescence (IF), and Western blot (WB) applications. The antibody recognizes hyperoxidized Prx3 at approximately 23 kDa from human samples.

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1. Ismail, T., Kim, Y., Lee, H., et al. Interplay between mitochondrial peroxiredoxins and ROS in cancer development and progression. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 20(18), 4407 (2019).

2. Zao, Z., Bhella, D., and Lindsay, J.G. Reconstitution of the mitochondrial PrxIII antioxidant defence pathway: General properties and factors affecting PrxIII activity and oligomeric state. J. Mol. Biol. 372(4), 1022-1033 (2007).

3. Dammeyer, P., and Arnér, E.S. Human Protein Atlas of redox systems - What can be learnt? Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1810(1), 111-138 (2011).

4. Kameritsch, P., Singer, M., Nuernbergk, C., et al. The mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase system (TrxR2) in vascular endothelium controls peroxynitrite levels and tissue integrity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 118(7), e1921828118 (2021).

5. Cui, S., Ghai, A., Deng, Y., et al. Identification of hyperoxidized PRDX3 as a ferroptosis marker reveals ferroptotic damage in chronic liver diseases. Mol. Cell 83(21), P3931-3939.E3935 (2023).