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HS-024 is a cyclic peptide antagonist of melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R; Ki = 0.29 nM).1 It is selective for MC4R over MC1R, MC3R, and MC5R (Kis = 18.6, 5.45, and 3.29 nM, respectively). HS-024 (100 nM) inhibits cAMP accumulation induced by α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH; Item No. 29923) in COS-1 cells expressing human MC1R, MC3R, MC4R, or MC5R. It increases food intake in rats when administered at doses of 0.3, 1, or 3 nmol/animal. Intrathecal administration of HS-024 (1.5 nmol/animal) inhibits mechanical allodynia at 30 minutes post-injection in a rat model of spinal nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain.2 It reduces stress-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking in the foot shock test in rats.3
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1. Discovery of a novel superpotent and selective melanocortin-
2. Endogenous and exogenous melanocortin antagonists induce anti-
3. A critical role for the melanocortin 4 receptor in stress-