Neuregulin-1 Type I-α EGF Domain (human, recombinant)

Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) type I-α is a trophic factor and member of the neuregulin-1 family of growth factors, which comprises greater than 30 isoforms grouped into types I through VI based on their N-terminal region, which is generated by alternative splicing of NRG1.¹ It is composed of a type I N-terminal domain, an immunoglobulin-like (Ig-like) domain, a glycosylated domain, an EGF-like domain, a linker region that contains a proteolytic cleavage site to release the mature protein, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail.^1,2 NRG1 type I-α is expressed in brain, liver, and cardiac microvascular endothelial cells and plays a role in neural development, nerve regeneration, and gluconeogenesis.^3,4,5,1,6 NRG1 signaling is mediated by homodimers of HER4 and the heterodimers HER2-HER3, HER2-HER4, HER3-HER4, and EGFR-HER4.¹ Low tumor levels of NRG1 type I-α are associated with decreased progression-free and overall survival in patients with breast cancer.⁷ Cayman’s Neuregulin-1 Type I-α EGF Domain (human, recombinant) protein can be used for binding assays. This protein is a disulfide-linked homodimer. The reduced monomer, composed of NRG1 type I-α (amino acids 177-241) fused to human IgG1 Fc at its N-terminus, consists of 326 amino acids and has a calculated molecular weight of 35.8 kDa. The monomer migrates at approximately 38 kDa by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

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1. Mei, L., and Xiong, W.-C. Neuregulin 1 in neural development, synaptic plasticity and schizophrenia. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9(6), 437-452 (2008).

2. Grimm, S., and Leder, P. An apoptosis-inducing isoform of neu differentiation factor (NDF) identified using a novel screen for dominant, apoptosis-inducing genes. J. Exp. Med. 185(6), 1137-1142 (1997).

3. Kerber, G., Streif, R., Schwaiger, F.-W., et al. Neuregulin-1 isoforms are differentially expressed in the intact and regenerating adult rat nervous system. J. Mol. Neurosci. 21(2), 149-165 (2003).

4. Arai, T., Ono, Y., Arimura, Y., et al. Type I neuregulin1α is a novel local mediator to suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice. Sci. Rep. 7, 42959 (2017).

5. Cote, E.M., Miller, T.A., Lebrasseur, N.K., et al. Neuregulin-1α and β isoform expression in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells and function in cardiac myocytes in vitro. Exp. Cell Res. 11(1), 135-146 (2005).

6. De Souza, F.I., Zumiotti, A.V., and Da Silva, C.F. Neuregulins 1-α and 1-β on the regeneration the peripheral nerves. Acta Ortop Bras. 18(5), 250-254 (2010).

7. Raj, E.H., Skinner, A., Mahji, U., et al. Neuregulin 1-alpha expression in locally advanced breast cancer. Breast 10(1), 41-45 (2001).