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Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor with roles in cell division, cell migration, and apoptosis.1,2,3,4 It is ubiquitously expressed and localized to the cytosol and nucleus where it dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate (PIP3) to phosphatidylinositol-(3,4)-diphosphate (PIP2) to antagonize PI3K signaling and regulates spliceosome assembly and pre-mRNA splicing, respectively.2 PTEN inhibits cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis, as well as inhibits cell adhesion and migration in vitro.5 PTEN deletions have been found in various cancers, including glioblastomas and prostate, breast, and kidney cells. Germline mutations in PTEN induce a variety of syndromes, including Cowden, Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba, Proteus, and Proteus-like syndromes, which are characterized by increased risk of cancers, developmental delays, autism spectrum disorders, and macroencephaly.4 Cayman’s PTEN Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (Clone RM511) can be used for immunohistochemistry (IHC).
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1. The multiple roles of PTEN in tumor suppression. Cell 100(4), 387-390 (2000).
2. Multiple roles of PTEN isoforms PTENα and PTENβ in cellular activities and tumor development. Sci. China Life Sci. 62(12), 1722-1724 (2019).
3. An update on PTEN modulators -
4. PI3K pathway defects leading to immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 143(5), 1676-1687 (2019).
5. PTEN, a unique tumor suppressor gene. Endocr. Relat. Cancer 7(2), 115-129 (2000).