Tinoridine (hydrochloride)

Tinoridine is an inhibitor of ferroptosis.¹ It inhibits ferroptosis induced by (1S,3R)-RSL3 (Item No. 19288) in primary rat nucleus pulposus cells when used at concentrations of 1.25 or 2.5 µM. Tinoridine also scavenges DPPH (Item No. 14805) radicals in a cell-free assay in a concentration-dependent manner and inhibits superoxide dismutase (Sod) and catalase activities in primary rat liver microsomes when used at concentrations of 10 and 250 µg/ml, respectively.² It inhibits carbon tetrachloride-induced increases in hepatic levels of cytochrome P450 (Cyp450) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6pc), serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and hepatic necrosis in a mouse model of liver damage when administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg.³ Tinoridine inhibits puncture-induced increases in disc malformation and decreases in disc height in a rat model of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD).¹ It increases IVD cell levels of collagen II, glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and reduces IVD cell levels of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (Mmp-13) in the same model.

WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

1. Yang, S., Zhu, Y., Shi, Y., et al. Screening of NSAIDs library identifies Tinoridine as a novel ferroptosis inhibitor for potential intervertebral disc degeneration therapy. Free. Radic. Biol. Med. 221, 245-256 (2024).

2. Shimada, O., and Yasuda, H. Hydroxyl radical scavenging action of tinoridine. Agents Actions 19(3-4), 208-214 (1986).

3. Yasuda, H., Izumi, N., Shimada, O., et al. The protective effect of tinoridine against carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 52(3), 407-413 (1980).