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Explore additional resources to study natural toxins, pollutants including PFAS and 6-PPD-Q, and their biological effects.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY TOOLS & SERVICESBenzanthrone is a polycyclic aromatic ketone (PAK) and photosensitizer.1,2 It produces singlet oxygen and superoxide in the presence of solar irradiation when used at a concentration of 5 µM.2 Benzanthrone (20 µM) also induces hemolysis of isolated rat erythrocytes and increases malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in isolated rat erythrocyte ghosts in the presence of solar irradiation. It induces skin erythema, edema, and hyperpigmentation in guinea pigs exposed to sunlight or UVA radiation. Benzanthrone (15 mg/kg) increases IL-1, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, and IFN-γ serum levels in mice.3 It initiates and promotes tumor formation in a two-stage mouse model of skin carcinogenesis.4 Benzanthrone has been used as an intermediate in the manufacturing of vat and disperse dyes.3 It has been found in urban ambient air.1
WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.
1. Polycyclic aromatic ketones in environmental samples. Environ. Sci. Technol. 17(11), 666-670 (1983).
2. Photosensitizing potential of benzanthrone. Food Chem. Toxicol. 28(9), 653-658 (1990).
3. Benzanthrone induced immunotoxicity via oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in Balb/c mice. Immunobiology 220(3), 369-381 (2015).
4. Skin tumorigenic potential of benzanthrone: Prevention by ascorbic acid. Food Chem. Toxicol. 59, 687-695 (2013).