A metformin transformation product
Related Products
Alternative(s)
45231N-Guanylurea (hemisulfate hydrate)
Technical Support & Resources

Information provided in the product description is from published literature. Due to the nature of scientific experimentation, your results (e.g., selectivity and effective concentrations) or specific application for this product may differ. If you have questions about how this product fits your application, please contact our technical support staff.

Visit our FAQ

Contact Us

Toll Free Phone (USA and Canada Only): (888) 526-5351
Direct Phone: (734) 975-3888

Request Technical Support

Technical Support Request

To streamline the process attach the appropriate questionnaire to your inquiry.

Download IHC QuestionnaireDownload WB Questionnaire

View Our Privacy Statement for details on how we use and protect your data. In addition, this site is protected by hCaptcha and its Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

N-Guanylurea (hemisulfate)

Item No. 45152

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Formal Name
N-(aminoiminomethyl)-urea, hemisulfate
CAS Number
591-01-5
Synonyms
  • GU
  • GUA
Molecular Formula
C2H6N4O • 1/2H2SO4
Formula Weight
302.3
Purity
≥98%
Formulation (Request formulation change)
A solid
Solubility(Learn about Variance in Solubility)
PBS pH 7.2: Sparingly Soluble: 1-10 mg/ml
SMILES
O=C(NC(N)=N)N.O=S(O)(O)=O.O=C(NC(N)=N)N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/2C2H6N4O.H2O4S/c2*3-1(4)6-2(5)7;1-5(2,3)4/h2*(H6,3,4,5,6,7);(H2,1,2,3,4)
InChi Key
IATXFPUBPMZBPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
Recommended Products

Certificates of Analysis & Batch Specific Data

Provide batch numbers separated by commas to download or request available product inserts, QC sheets, certificates of analysis, data packs, and GC-MS data.

Download most recent Certificate of Analysis for this product

    1 g

    $25

    Add

    5 g

    $69

    Add

    10 g

    $88

    Add
    Cayman Chemical
    Visit Our Environmental Toxicology Resource Center

    Explore additional resources to study natural toxins, pollutants including PFAS and 6-PPD-Q, and their biological effects.

    ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY TOOLS & SERVICES
    Product Description

    N-Guanylurea is a transformation product of metformin (Item No. 13118) that has been found in sewage treatment plant influent and effluent.1,2 It induces developmental abnormalities (EC50 = 18.5 µg/L) and mortality (LC50 = 38.5 µM/L) in zebrafish embryos.3 Chronic exposure to N-guanylurea (25, 50, and 200 µg/L) induces anxiety-like behavior and increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in adult zebrafish.4 N-Guanylurea is also a synthetic intermediate that has been used in the synthesis of β-secretase 1 (BACE1) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) inhibitors.5

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Trautwein, C., and Kümmerer, K. Incomplete aerobic degradation of the antidiabetic drug Metformin and identification of the bacterial dead-end transformation product Guanylurea. Chemosphere 85(5), 765-773 (2011).

    2. Tisler, S., and Zwiener, C. Formation and occurrence of transformation products of metformin in wastewater and surface water. Sci. Total Environ. 628-629, 1121-1129 (2018).

    3. Elizalde-Velázquez, G.A., Gómez-Oliván, L.M., Islas-Flores, H., et al. Oxidative stress as a potential mechanism by which guanylurea disrupts the embryogenesis of Danio rerio. Sci. Total Environ. 799:149432, (2021).

    4. Elizalde-Velázquez, G.A., Gómez-Oliván, L.M., Rosales-Pérez, K.E., et al. Chronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of guanylurea induces neurotoxicity of Danio rerio adults. Sci. Total Environ. 819:153095, (2022).

    5. Prati, F., De Simone, A., Bisignano, P., et al. Multitarget drug discovery for Alzheimer’s disease: Triazinones as BACE-1 and GSK-3β inhibitors. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 54(5), 1578-1582 (2015).