A marine guanidinium toxin and voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
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Saxitoxin

Item No. 45566

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Formal Name
(3aS,4R,10aS)-2,6-diamino-4-[[(aminocarbonyl)oxy]methyl]-3a,4,8,9-tetrahydro-1H,10H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]purine-10,10-diol
CAS Number
35523-89-8
Synonyms
  • STX
Molecular Formula
C10H17N7O4
Formula Weight
299.3
Formulation (Request formulation change)
A 25 µg/ml solution in 3 mM hydrochloric acid
SMILES
OC1([C@](N(CC1)C(N)=N2)(NC(N)=N3)[C@]3([H])[C@@H]2COC(N)=O)O
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C10H17N7O4/c11-6-15-5-4(3-21-8(13)18)14-7(12)17-2-1-9(19,20)10(5,17)16-6/h4-5,19-20H,1-3H2,(H2,12,14)(H2,13,18)(H3,11,15,16)/t4-,5-,10-/m0/s1
InChi Key
RPQXVSUAYFXFJA-HGRQIUPRSA-N
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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    500 µl

    $325

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    Product Description

    Saxitoxin is a marine guanidinium toxin and voltage-gated sodium channel blocker (IC50 = 4.3 nM).1,2 It selectively binds to sodium channels in rat brain and skeletal muscle over rat heart homogenates (Kds = 0.114, 0.49, and 10 nM, respectively).3 Saxitoxin (3 and 10 µM) also inhibits L-type calcium channels in isolated mouse ventricular myocytes and tsA201 cells and human-ether-a-go-go (hERG), also known as Kv11.1, in HEK293 cells.4,5 It induces tachycardia, hypotension, myocardial failure, and cardiac arrest in anesthetized cats when administered intravenously at a dose of 10 µg/kg.6

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Llewellyn, L., Negri, A., and Quilliam, M. High affinity for the rat brain sodium channel of newly discovered hydroxybenzoate saxitoxin analogues from the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum. Toxicon 43(1), 101-104 (2004).

    2. Llewellyn, L.E. Saxitoxin, a toxic marine natural product that targets a multitude of receptors. Nat. Prod. Rep. 23(2), 200-222 (2006).

    3. Rogart, R.B. High-STX-affinity vs. low-STX-affinity Na+ channel subtypes in nerve, heart, and skeletal muscle. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 479, 402-430 (1986).

    4. Su, Z., Sheets, M., Ishida, H., et al. Saxitoxin blocks L-type ICa. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 308(1), 324-329 (2004).

    5. Wang, J., Salata, J.J., and Bennett, P.B. Saxitoxin is a gating modifier of HERG K+ channels. J. Gen. Physiol. 121(6), 583-598 (2003).

    6. Andrinolo, D., Michea, L.F., and Lagos, N. Toxic effects, pharmacokinetics and clearance of saxitoxin, a component of paralytic shellfish poison (PSP), in cats. Toxicon 37(3), 447-464 (1999).