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ZT-1a is an inhibitor of STE20/SPS1-related proline-alanine-rich protein kinase (SPAK; IC50 = 46.7 µM in a cell-free assay).1 It reduces phosphorylation of Na-K-Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1), Na-K cotransporter 2 (KCC2), and KCC3 in HEK293 cells. ZT-1a reduces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypersecretion in a rat model of post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus and reduces infarct size, ischemic cerebral edema, and neurological deficit scores in a mouse model of ischemic stroke.
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1. Modulation of brain cation-