A gut microbe-derived agonist of GPR119
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Palmitoyl Serinol

Item No. 62175

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Formal Name
N-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]-hexadecanamide
CAS Number
126127-31-9
Synonyms
  • C16-Serinol
  • N-PS
  • S16
Molecular Formula
C19H39NO3
Formula Weight
329.5
Purity
≥95%
Formulation (Request formulation change)
A crystalline solid
Solubility(Learn about Variance in Solubility)
DMF: Slightly soluble
SMILES
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(NC(CO)CO)=O
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C19H39NO3/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-19(23)20-18(16-21)17-22/h18,21-22H,2-17H2,1H3,(H,20,23)
InChi Key
MZUNFYMZKTWADX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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    5 mg

    $46

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    10 mg

    $86

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    50 mg

    $355

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    100 mg

    $618

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    Product Description

    Palmitoyl serinol is a gut microbe-derived agonist of G protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) and a stable derivative of 2-palmitoyl glycerol (2-PG; Item No. 17882), an endogenous fatty acid ester that potentiates the signaling and in vivo activity induced by the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG; Item No. 62160).1,2,3,4 It increases cAMP levels in HEK293 cells expressing GPR119 (EC50 = 9 µM).1 Palmitoyl serinol (25 µM) reduces IL-4-induced decreases in the levels of long-chain fatty acid-containing ceramides in HaCaT keratinocytes, an effect that can be blocked by the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antagonist AM-251.5 It also binds to PKCζ and induces apoptosis in F-11 neuroblastoma cells, an effect that can be blocked by the PKCζ inhibitor Gö 6983 (Item No. 13311).6 Portal circulation plasma levels of palmitoyl serinol, among other N-acyl amides, are increased under fed and fasted conditions in mice monocolonized with E. coli expressing G. haemolysans M34 N-acyl synthase (nas) and housed under gnotobiotic conditions.7

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Cohen, L.J., Esterhazy, D., Kim, S.H., et al. Commensal bacteria make GPCR ligands that mimic human signalling molecules. Nature 549(7670), 48-53 (2017).

    2. Ben-Shabat, S., Fride, E., Sheskin, T., et al. An entourage effect: Inactive endogenous fatty acid glycerol esters enhance 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol cannabinoid activity. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 353(1), 23-31 (1998).

    3. Dinh, T.P., Freund, T.F., and Piomelli, D. A role for monoglyceride lipase in 2-arachidonoylglycerol inactivation. Chem. Phys. Lipids 121(1-2), 149-158 (2002).

    4. Fowler, C.J., Jonsson, K.-O., and Tiger, G. Fatty acid amide hydrolase: Biochemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic possibilities for an enzyme hydrolyzing anandamide, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, palmitoylethanolamide, and oleamide. Biochem. Pharmacol. 62(5), 517-526 (2001).

    5. Shin, K.-O., Kim, S., Park, B.D., et al. N-Palmitoyl serinol stimulates ceramide production through a CB1-dependent mechanism in in vitro model of skin inflammation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22(15), 8302 (2021).

    6. Bieberich, E., Kawaguchi, T., and Yu, R.K. N-acylated serinol is a novel ceramide mimic inducing apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 275(1), 177-181 (2000).

    7. Dutta, S., Mahen, K.K., Massey, W.J., et al. Gut microbe-derived N-acyl serinol lipids shape host postprandial metabolic homeostasis. PNAS 123(12), e2517314123 (2026).