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Tolfenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anticancer activity.1,2,3,4,5 It is selective for COX-2 over COX-1 in canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells (IC50s = 3.53 and >51.2 μg/ml, respectively).1 Tolfenamic acid inhibits calcium influx in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) induced by N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP; Item No. 21495) or the calcium ionophore A23187 (Item Nos. 11016 | 22030) in a concentration-dependent manner.2 It decreases protein levels of the transcription factors Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 in PANC-1 and L3.6pl cells when used at a concentration of 50 μM and inhibits proliferation of PANC-1, L3.6pl, and PANC-28 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.4 Tolfenamic acid (50 and 100 μM) decreases the viability of and induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells.5 It reduces tumor growth in an MDA-MB-231 mouse xenograft model when administered at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg. Tolfenamic acid (150 μmol/kg) reduces carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice by 24%.3
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1. In vitro effects of nonsteroidal anti-
2. Flufenamic and tolfenamic acids inhibit calcium influx in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Mol. Pharmacol. 47(5), 1006-1013 (1995).
3. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of amide conjugates of NSAIDs with L-
4. Tolfenamic acid and pancreatic cancer growth, angiogenesis, and Sp protein degradation. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 98(12), 855-868 (2006).
5. Apoptotic effect of tolfenamic acid on MDA-