GPR55 Polyclonal Antibody

GPR55 is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor.¹ GPR55 is expressed in the brain, large dorsal root ganglion neurons, and many peripheral tissues.^2,3 Endogenous agonists for GPR55 include lysophosphatidylinositol (EC₅₀ = 1.2 µM in a β-arrestin-GFP biosensor assay) and the endocannabinoids anandamide (arachidonoyl ethanolamide; Item No. 90050) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (Item No. 62160; EC₅₀s = 18.4 and 3.5 nM in GTPγS binding assays).^1,4 It is also activated by the cannabinoid Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁹-THC; EC₅₀ = 8 nM in a GTPγS binding assay).^1,5 GPR55 is expressed in β cells and pharmacological activation increases glucose-induced insulin release in wild-type mice and, to a lesser extent, in Gpr55 knockout mice.⁶ GPR55 expression is increased in the visceral adipose tissue of obese patients and, to a larger extent, in obese patients with type-2 diabetes.⁷ Activation of GPR55 increases the growth and invasiveness of cancer cells in vitro, and its expression in patient-derived tumors is positively correlated with a worse prognosis.⁶ GPR55 activation has also been associated with inhibition of osteoclast formation. Cayman’s GPR55 Polyclonal Antibody can be used for flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and Western blot applications. The antibody recognizes GPR55 at 37 kDa from human and bovine samples. Post-translational modifications such as glycosylation may retard receptor electrophoretic migration such that the protein signal may be detected above 37 kDa.

WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

1. Kapur, A., Zhao, P., Sharir, H., et al. Atypical responsiveness of the orphan receptor GPR55 to cannabinoid ligands. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 284(43), 29817-29827 (2009).

2. Sawzdargo, M., Nguyenn, T., Lee, D.K., et al. Identification and cloning of three novel human G protein-coupled receptor genes GPR52, ΨGPR53 and GPR55: GPR55 is extensively expressed in human brain. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 64(2), 193-198 (1999).

3. Lauckner, J.E., Jensen, J.B., Chen, H.Y., et al. GPR55 is a cannabinoid receptor that increases intracellular calcium and inhibits M current. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105(7), 2699-2704 (2008).

4. Drmota, T., Greasley, P., and Groblewski, T. Screening assays for cannabinoid-ligand-type modulators of GPR55. (2004).

5. Brown, A.J. Novel cannabinoid receptors. Br. J. Pharmacol. 152, 567-575 (2007).

6. Shore, D.M., and Reggio, P.H. The therapeutic potential of orphan GPCRs, GPR35 and GPR55. Front. Pharmacol. 6, 69 (2015).

7. Moreno-Navarrete, J.M., Catalán, V., Whyte, L., et al. The L-α-lysophosphatidylinositol/GPR55 system and its potential role in human obesity. Diabetes 61(2), 281-291 (2012).

Bouskila, J., Javadi, P., Casanova, C., et al. Rod photoreceptors express GPR55 in the adult vervet monkey retina. PLoS One 8(11), e81080 (2013).