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Kaempferol is a flavonoid which is abundant in a variety of plant leaves and fruits. It has diverse physiological activities through both direct and indirect effects.1,2 For example, kaempferol directly binds estrogen receptors α and β, acting as an inverse agonist or agonist.3,4 It also acts as an antioxidant, which presumably contributes to its ability to suppress advanced glycation endproduct-
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1. A review on the dietary flavonoid kaempferol. Mini Rev. Med. Chem. 11, 298-344 (2011).
2. Influence of berry polyphenols on receptor signaling and cell-
3. Kaempferol is an estrogen-
4. Kaempferol as a flavonoid induces osteoblastic differentiation via estrogen receptor signaling. Chin.Med. 7, 1-7 (2012).
5. Kaempferol modulates pro-
6. Kaempferol inhibits angiogenesis and VEGF expression through both HIF dependent and independent pathways in human ovarian cancer cells. Nutr. Cancer 61(4), 554-563 (2009).
7. Myricetin directly targets JAK1 to inhibit cell transformation. Cancer Lett. 275(1), 17-26 (2009).
8. The flavonols quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin inhibit hepatocyte growth factor-
De novo biosynthesis of garbanzol and fustin in Streptomyces albus based on a potential flavanone 3-