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Sivelestat is an inhibitor of neutrophil elastase (IC50 = 44 nM for the human enzyme).1 It is selective for neutrophil elastase over trypsin, thrombin, plasmin, kallikrein, chymotrypsin, and cathepsin G at 100 µM. Sivelestat inhibits the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) induced by ionomycin (Item Nos. 10004974 | 11932) in isolated mouse neutrophils.2 It decreases LPS-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation in isolated rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) at 50 mM.3 Sivelestat (10 mg/kg) reduces pulmonary edema, increases in the number of cells in the lung tissue positive for myeloperoxidase (MPO), a marker of neutrophil infiltration, and the severity of lung injury in a rat model of LPS-induced acute lung injury.
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1. Permeability and lipid organization of a novel psoriasis stratum corneum substitute. Int. J. Pharm. 457(1), 275-282 (2013).
2. Neutrophil elastase-
3. Improving effect of Sivelestat on lipopolysaccharide-