HT-2 Toxin

HT-2 toxin is a type A trichothecene mycotoxin and an active, deacetylated metabolite of the trichothecene mycotoxin T-2 toxin (Item No. 11444).^1,2 Like T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin inhibits protein synthesis and cell proliferation in plants.² HT-2 toxin also reduces viability of HepG2, A549, HEp-2, Caco-2, A-204, U937, Jurkat, and RPMI-8226 cancer cells with IC₅₀ values ranging from 3.1 to 23 ng/ml and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with an IC₅₀ value of 56.4 ng/ml.¹ It induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and autophagy in, as well as halts the development of, cultured mouse embryos when used at a concentration of 10 nM.³ HT-2 toxin has been found in cereal grains and food products.^4,5

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1. Nielsen, C., Casteel, M., Didier, A., et al. Trichothecene-induced cytotoxicity on human cell lines. Mycotoxin Res. 25(2), 77-84 (2009).

2. Nathanail, A.V., Varga, E., Meng-Reiterer, J., et al. Metabolism of the fusarium mycotoxins T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin in wheat. J. Agric. Food Chem. 63(35), 7862-7872 (2015).

3. Zhang, L., Li, L., Xu, J., et al. HT-2 toxin exposure induces mitochondria dysfunction and DNA damage during mouse early embryo development. Reprod. Toxicol. 85, 104-109 (2019).

4. Langseth, W., and Rundberget, T. The occurrence of HT-2 toxin and other trichothecenes in Norwegian cereals. Mycopathologia 147(3), 157-165 (1999).

5. Al-Taher, F., Cappozzo, J., Zweigenbaum, J., et al. Detection and quantitation of mycotoxins in infant cereals in the U.S. market by LC-MS/MS using a stable isotope dilution assay. Food Control 72(Part A), 27-35 (2017).