Phosphatidylserine (bovine)

Phosphatidylserine is a naturally occurring phospholipid that comprises 2-10% of total phospholipids in mammals and is enriched in the central nervous system, particularly the retina.¹ It is anionic and found mainly on the inner leaflet of the cell membrane. It is biosynthesized from phosphatidylcholine (Item Nos. 24343 | 24370) or phosphatidylethanolamine (Item No. 24332) by phosphatidyl synthase 1 (PSS1) or PSS2, respectively, in the endoplasmic reticulum and can be reversibly converted back by the same enzymes. It can also be irreversibly converted to phosphatidylethanolamine by phosphatidylserine decarboxylase in the mitochondria. Phosphatidylserine binds to T cell immunoglobulin mucin type 1 (TIM-1) and TIM-4 receptors as well as brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1), leading to anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects.² It is also a cofactor involved in the activation of various signaling pathways through activation of protein kinase C, neutral sphingomyelinase, and c-Raf-1 protein kinase among others.¹ Phosphatidylserine is externalized during apoptosis by scramblases in the plasma membrane as a signal for phagocytes to engulf the cell.³ This product contains phosphatidylserine molecular species with primarily C18:0 fatty acyl chain lengths. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1047]

WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

1. Vance, J.E. Phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine in mammalian cells: Two metabolically related aminophospholipids. J. Lipid Res. 49(7), 1377-1387 (2008).

2. Darabi, M., and Kontush, A. Phosphatidylserine in atherosclerosis. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 27(4), 414-420 (2016).

3. Segawa, K., and Nagata, S. An apoptotic 'eat me' signal: Phosphatidylserine exposure. Trends Cell Biol. 25(11), 639-650 (2015).