For immunochemical detection of citrullinated GFAP
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Citrullinated GFAP (R416) Monoclonal Antibody (Clone 4B8)

Item No. 27795

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Synonyms
  • ALXDRD
  • Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Intermediate Filament Protein
Immunogen
A peptide from the C-terminal region of human GFAP citrullinated at R416
Clone Designation
4B8
MW
37 kDa
Formulation (Request formulation change)
300 µg of Protein G-purified monoclonal antibody
Storage Buffer
PBS, pH 7.2, with 50% glycerol and 0.02% sodium azide
Host
Mouse
Isotype
IgG1
Applications
ELISA, IHC, and WB
Cross Reactivity
(+) Citrullinated GFAP(-) Native GFAP, other citrullinated proteins
Species Reactivity
(+) Human
UniProt Accession №
P14136
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Wet ice in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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    300 µg

    $440

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    Product Description

    Citrullinated glial fibrillary acidic protein (citGFAP) is a citrullinated form of GFAP (Item No. 27353), a class III intermediate filament (IF) protein that is expressed in mature astrocytes and contributes to cytoskeletal structure and strength.1 GFAP can be citrullinated in a calcium-dependent manner on the arginine residue at position 270 (R270) and at R416 by protein arginine deiminase 1 (PAD1; Item No. 10784) and PAD2 (Item No. 10785).2 citGFAP levels are increased by the calcium ionophore ionomycin (Item No. 10004974) in an in vitro model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) using NHA CC-2565 human astrocytes and are induced by controlled cortical impact in the cerebral cortex in a rat model of TBI.3 It has been found in the hippocampus in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease induced by amyloid-β (25-35), as well as in the retina in a mouse model of alkali-induced eye injury.4,5 citGFAP has also been found in postmortem hippocampus from patients with Alzheimer's disease, and citGFAP levels are increased in postmortem-derived brain lesions from patients with multiple sclerosis.2,6 Cayman's Citrullinated GFAP (R416) Monoclonal Antibody (Clone 4B8) can be used for ELISA, Immunohistochemistry, and Western blot applications. The antibody recognizes recombinant GFAP and citGFAP at 37 kDa.

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Hol, E.M., and Capetanaki, Y. Type III intermediate filaments desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin, and peripherin. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 9(12), a021642 (2017).

    2. Ishigami, A., Masutomi, H., Handa, S., et al. Mass spectrometric identification of citrullination sites and immunohistochemical detection of citrullinated glial fibrillary acidic protein in Alzheimer’s disease brains. J. Neurosci. Res. 93(11), 1664-1674 (2015).

    3. Lazarus, R.C., Buonora, J.E., Flora, M.N., et al. Protein citrullination: A proposed mechanism for pathology in traumatic brain injury. Front. Neurol. 6:204, (2015).

    4. Arif, M., and Kato, T. Increased expression of PAD2 after repeated intracerebroventricular infusions of soluble Aβ25-35 in the Alzheimer’s disease model rat brain: Effect of memantine. Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett. 14(4), 703-714 (2009).

    5. Wizeman, J.W., Nicholas, A.P., Ishigami, A., et al. Citrullination of glial intermediate filaments is an early response in retinal injury. Mol. Vis. 22, 1137-1155 (2016).

    6. Bradford, C.M., Ramos, I., Cross, A.K., et al. Localisation of citrullinated proteins in normal appearing white matter and lesions in the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis. J. Neuroimmunol. 273(1-2), 85-95 (2014).