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LX2343 is an inhibitor of β-site amyloid protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1/β-secretase; IC50 = 11.43 μM) and PI3K (IC50 = 15.99 μM).1 It inhibits accumulation of Aβ (1-40) (Aβ40) and Aβ42 induced by streptozotocin (STZ; Item No. 13104) in both HEK293-APPSW and CHO-APP cells, which express mutant and wild-type amyloid precursor protein (APP), respectively, in a concentration-dependent manner. It also inhibits STZ-induced increases in JNK and APPThr668 phosphorylation as well as soluble APPβ (sAPPβ) protein levels. LX2343 (10 mg/kg per day) reduces levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42, as well as thioflavine S staining, in the cortex and hippocampus in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. It also reduces cortical levels of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR phosphorylation and accumulation of the autophagy substrate p62, indicating increased autophagy. LX2343 (10 mg/kg per day) decreases path length and escape latency time in the Morris water maze in APP/PS1 mice.
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1. Small molecule LX2343 ameliorates cognitive deficits in AD model mice by targeting both amyloid β production and clearance. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 37(10), 1281-1297 (2016).