Estragole

Estragole is a volatile compound that has been found in basil oil and has diverse biological activities.^1,2,3,4 It induces mortality in 100% of adult C. capitata, B. dorsalis, and B. cucurbitae fruit flies exposed to wicks impregnated with estragole at concentrations greater than or equal to 2.5%.¹ Estragole (60 mg/kg) reduces carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice.² It increases survival in a mouse model of infection with the ME49 strain of T. gondii when administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg per day.³ Estragole (2.5 µmol/g, p.o., twice per week) increases the percentage of hepatoma-bearing mice and the average number of hepatomas per mouse in male, but not female, mice when administered prior to weaning.⁴

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1. Chang, C.L., Cho, I.K., and Li, Q.X. Insecticidal activity of basil oil, trans-anethole, estragole, and linalool to adult fruit flies of Ceratitis capitata, Bactrocera dorsalis, and Bactrocera cucurbitae. J. Econ. Entomol. 102(1), 203-209 (2009).

2. Rodrigues, L.B., Oliveira Brito Pereira Bezerra Martins, A., Cesário, F.R., et al. Anti-inflammatory and antiedematogenic activity of the Ocimum basilicum essential oil and its main compound estragole: In vivo mouse models. Chem. Biol. Interact. 257, 14-25 (2016).

3. Oliveira, C.B., Meurer, Y.S., Medeiros, T.L., et al. Anti-toxoplasma activity of estragole and thymol in murine models of congenital and noncongenital toxoplasmosis. J. Parasitol. 102(3), 369-376 (2016).

4. Miller, E.C., Swanson, A.B., Phillips, D.H., et al. Structure-activity studies of the carcinogenicities in the mouse and rat of some naturally occurring and synthetic alkenylbenzene derivatives related to safrole and estragole. Cancer Res. 43(3), 1124-1134 (1983).