IGF-1 (human, recombinant)

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a polypeptide hormone that regulates cell growth, maturation, and proliferation.¹ It shares sequence homology with insulin and is composed of an N-terminal signal peptide, B-, C-, A-, and D-regions, and a C-terminal extension (E) peptide. Alternative splicing of the IGF1 pre-mRNA generates three isoforms, IGF-1Ea, IGF-1Eb, and IGF-1Ec, which have variable E peptides that are post-transcriptionally cleaved to produce the mature peptide. IGF-1 synthesis is induced by growth hormone (GH) and occurs primarily in the liver, where it is transported in the serum to other tissues via IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs), but it is also produced by a variety of other tissues, including the bone, where it acts in a paracrine or autocrine manner.² IGF-1 binds the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) with higher affinity than the IGF-2 receptor (IGF-2R) or insulin receptor (IR), inducing activation of a variety of signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt and RAS/MAPK pathways, that stimulate cell proliferation and protect against apoptosis.³ IGF1 SNPs have been associated with increased risk of breast cancer, and serum IGF-1 levels are decreased in children with malnutrition.^3,4 Cayman's IGF-1 (human, recombinant) protein can be used for binding assay and cell-based assay applications. The protein was synthesized from a DNA sequence encoding the mature form of human IGF-1 (Gly49-Ala118) with an N-terminal translation-initiating methionine (Met1). The expressed protein consists of 71 amino acids, has a calculated molecular weight of 7.8 kDa, and a predicted N-terminus of Met1.

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1. Philippou, A., Maridaki, M., Pneumaticos, S., et al. The complexity of the IGF1 gene splicing, posttranslational modification and bioactivity. Mol. Med. 20(1), 202-214 (2014).

2. Laron, Z. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1): A growth hormone. Mol. Pathol. 54(5), 311-316 (2001).

3. Christopoulos, P.F., Msaouel, P., and Koutsilieris, M. The role of the insulin-like growth factor-1 system in breast cancer. Mol. Cancer 14, 43 (2015).

4. Kjaer, T.W., Grenov, B., Yaméogo, C.W., et al. Correlates of serum IGF-1 in young children with moderate acute malnutrition: A cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 114(3), 965-972 (2021).