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SM-16 is an inhibitor of activin-like kinase 5 (ALK5), also known as the TGF-β type 1 receptor (Ki = 44 nM).1 It is selective for ALK5 over a panel of 60 non-ALK kinases, as well as ALK1 and ALK6, at 10 µM. SM-16 inhibits TGF-β1-induced reporter activity (IC50 = 64 nM) and SMAD2/3 phosphorylation (IC50s = 160-620 nM) in vitro. In vivo, SM-16 (15 and 30 mg/kg) inhibits neointimal formation and luminal narrowing in a rat model of carotid injury. SM-16 (5 mg/kg) inhibits tumor growth in an AB12 murine malignant mesothelioma model.2
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1. SM16, an orally active TGF-
2. A novel small-