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ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY TOOLS & SERVICESrac-Mono(ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) is a metabolite of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), commonly used as a plasticizer and an identified environmental contaminant, and an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ).1 It binds to PPARγ when used at concentrations of 50 and 100 µM and activates PPARγ in a reporter assay using HEK293H cells (EC10 = 1.2 µM). MEHP (30, 100, and 300 µM) accumulates in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and increases lipolysis, glucose uptake, and energy metabolism, as well as reduces the size of lipid droplets when used at concentrations of 100 and 300 µM.2 It also increases the expression of the thermogenesis-related genes Usp1, Cidea, Prdm16, and Trpv1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.3 Urinary levels of MEHP in women positively correlate with the risk of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA).4
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3. Phthalate exposure causes browning-
4. Levels and health risks of urinary phthalate metabolites and the association between phthalate exposure and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion: a large case-