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Explore additional resources to study natural toxins, pollutants including PFAS and 6-PPD-Q, and their biological effects.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY TOOLS & SERVICESOchratoxin C-13C20 (OTC-13C20) is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of ochratoxin C (Item No. 20183) by GC- or LC-MS. OTC is a mycotoxin that has been found in Aspergillus and is an active metabolite of OTA (Item No. 11439).1,2 It is formed from OTA by gut microbiota, however, OTA can also be formed from OTC in vivo.2,3 OTC inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of THP-1 monocytes (IC50s = 126 and 91 ng/ml, respectively) and induces apoptosis in the same cells when used at concentrations of 100 or 1,000 ng/ml.1 It induces mortality in zebrafish embryos (LC50 = 0.32 nM).4 OTC has been found in red wine.5
WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.
1. Effects of the mycotoxin ochratoxin A and some of its metabolites on the human cell line THP-
2. In vitro transformation of ochratoxin A by animal microbioal floras. Ann. Rech. Vet. 7(1), 91-98 (1976).
3. Conversion of ochratoxin C into ochratoxin A in vivo. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 48(1), 41-42 (1984).
4. The individual and combined effects of ochratoxin A with citrinin and their metabolites (ochratoxin B, ochratoxin C, and dihydrocitrinone) on 2D/3D cell cultures, and zebrafish embryo models. Food Chem. Toxicol. 158, 112674 (2021).
5. Validation of a liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous quantification of ochratoxin A and its analogues in red wines. J. Chromatogr. A 1217(52), 8249-8256 (2010).