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ERK2 is a serine/threonine protein kinase and an essential component of the MAP kinase signaling cascade.1 It is composed of a glycine-rich loop, hinge region, and protein kinase domain containing a catalytic HRD motif, activation segment, and kinase insert domain. ERK2 is ubiquitously expressed with higher levels in the brain and hematopoietic cells.2,3 It localizes to the cytosol anchored to MEK1/2.1 Upon extracellular stimulation with mitogens, growth factors, or cytokines, the MAP kinase signaling cascade is initiated and terminates with phosphorylation of ERK2 in the activation segment's activation lip at Tyr204 or Tyr187 by MEK1/2.4,5,1,6 Upon activation, ERK2 phosphorylates and activates substrates in the cytosol or various subcellular compartments, including the nucleus, where they induce activation of transcription factors involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and the stress response.7,8,4,5 Misregulation of the MAP kinase cascade drives the development of various cancers.4,5 Cayman's ERK2 Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (Clone RM483) can be used for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot (WB) applications.
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2. ERK1 and ERK2 map kinases: Specific roles or functional redundancy? Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 4, 53 (2016).
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5. ERK/MAPK signalling pathway and tumorigenesis. Exp. Ther. Med. 19(3), 1997-2007 (2020).
6. ERK1 and ERK2. Encyclopedia of signaling molecules (2018).
7. Growth factor-
8. Nuclear translocation of p42/p44 mitogen-